Understanding Urticaria: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the sudden appearance of red, itchy welts on the skin. These welts can vary in size and may join together to form larger areas of raised skin. Urticaria can be acute, lasting for less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for more than six weeks and sometimes even years.

Causes of Urticaria

Urticaria occurs when the body releases histamine and other chemicals into the bloodstream, triggering an inflammatory response. This response can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Allergic Reactions: Common allergens such as foods (nuts, shellfish, eggs), medications (antibiotics, aspirin), insect stings, and pollen can trigger hives.
2. Physical Triggers: Heat, cold, sunlight, water, pressure, and exercise can all provoke an outbreak of urticaria in some individuals.
3. Infections: Viral infections, such as the common cold, hepatitis, or bacterial infections like strep throat, can lead to hives.
4. Stress: Emotional stress and anxiety can exacerbate or trigger hives in susceptible individuals.
5. Underlying Medical Conditions: Chronic urticaria may be associated with autoimmune diseases, thyroid disorders, or other systemic illnesses.

Symptoms of Urticaria

The primary symptom of urticaria is the appearance of welts on the skin. These welts can:

• Be red or skin-colored.
• Vary in size from small spots to large patches.
• Cause intense itching or a burning sensation.
• Change shape, disappear, and reappear within minutes or hours.
• Develop anywhere on the body, including the face, lips, tongue, throat, or ears.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosing urticaria involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. In some cases, allergy testing or blood tests may be required to identify the underlying cause.

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and avoiding triggers. Common treatments include:

• Antihistamines: These medications help reduce itching and swelling by blocking histamine release.
• Corticosteroids: For severe cases, corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation.
• Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding known triggers can prevent future outbreaks.
• Lifestyle Changes: Managing stress and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help control symptoms.

If you or someone you know is experiencing persistent or severe urticaria, consult a dermatologist for a tailored treatment plan. At our skin clinic, we specialize in diagnosing and treating urticaria, ensuring you receive the best possible care for your skin condition.

Dr. Mehul Patel has been practicing dermatology in Surat for over 10 years. Extensive experience in the field signifies a deep understanding and proficiency in treating a wide range of dermatological conditions. Experience is a critical factor in medical expertise, as it reflects the practitioner’s ability to handle diverse and complex cases effectively.